Cutting tool geometry checker

The side relief angle provides for cutting action by allowing the tool to feed into the work material. The side cutting edge angle SCEA may vary considerably. For roughing, it should be almost square to the work, usually about 5 degrees.

Tools used for squaring shoulders or for other light machining can have angles from 5 to 32 degrees, depending on the application. The nose radius will vary according to the finish required. The smallest nose radius that will give the desired finish should be used. Grinding a tool provides both a sharp cutting edge and the shape needed for the cutting operation.

When the purpose for the rake and relief angles on a tool is clearly understood, then a tool suitable to the job may be ground. Left-hand tools are shaped just the opposite of right-hand tools Figure I The right-hand tool has the cutting edge on the left side and cuts to the left or toward the headstock. The hand of the lathe Figure I The change in chip width with an increase of the side cutting edge angle.

A large SCEA can sometimes cause chatter vibration of work or tool. It eliminates many disadvantages of positive and negative rake angle in tool. It provides the maximum value of rake angle for a particular cutting tool. It provides the minimum value of clearance angle for a particular cutting tool. Nose radius is the radius value of tiny rounding provided at the tip of the cutting tool, measured on reference plane.

It prevents the tool tip from sudden breakage. Nose radius of conventional turning tool usually varies in between 0. Skip to content. Home Machining Cutter Geometry. What is rake surface? It is the chip flowing surface Rake surface of a cutting tool is the chip flowing surface.

Read details… What is rake angle? Read details… What is flank surface? Read details… Difference between rake surface and flank surface Similarities and differences between rake surface and flank surface of a cutting tool are given here in table form.

Read details… What is clearance angle? Read details… Why clearance angle cannot be negative or zero? Read details… What is cutting edge? Read details… Concept of positive rake, negative rake and zero rake Concept of positive rake angle, negative rake angle and zero rake angle of a cutting tool is discussed here. When the thumb screw 88 is loosened the radial rake fingers may be moved in the slots and when the thumb screw is retightened the holding member secures the rake fingers in a fixed position.

In order to check the radial rake of the cutting face 64 of the tool which in this instance is a right hand tool, it is first necessary to loosen the thumb screw 88 to slide the first radial rake finger 85 forward FIGURE 8. As will be noted each of the radial rake fingers is provided with a surface 92 which is at right angles to the front and rear edges 78 and 79 on the checking block.

It is also necessary to turn the angle slide 69 over in the guideway in order that the angular indicia means 75 be observable.

The next step which is necessary is to swing the checking block in a generally counterclockwise direction as seen in FIGURES 8 and 9 to bring the surface 92 of the radial rake finger 85 into substantially flat contact with the cutting face 64 of the tool. It will appreciated by those skilled in the art that the exact point 93 on the radial rake finger cannot be seen when viewing the tool through the optical magnification means 48 because the continuation of the cutting edge 61 in a helical direction obscures this point from view.

As a result, it is necessary for the person observing this procedure to observe a slight separation at substantially the exact cutting edge 61 as shown in FIGURE 9.

When the slight separation shownjust starts to occur, then the person using the device knows that he has reached a point where he can go no further. This is the point at which he knows that the surface 92 is substantially fiat with the cutting face. The radical rake angle is then observed by comparing the rear edge 79 of the checking block with the angular indicia means It will thus be seen that the angular indicia comprises a plurality of spaced lines, each adjacent one of which extends at a slightly different angle with respect to a reference line which extends through these lines and the tool or tool securing means.

In this way an appropriate line can be found to compare with the surface on the checking block. To check the radial rake angle of an opposite type tool rake finger 86 is used and the angle slide must be reversed and the checking block is swung in an opposite direction.

It will be appreciated that the distance which the rake finger extends from the front edge 78 will vary depending on the size tool being checked because in turn the flat portion of the cutting face will vary. As a result thereof, it will be seen than an apparatus has been provided which is capable of checking the geometry of a cutter. More specifically, the device is capable of checking the peripheral land width of a tool as well as the helix angle.

The device is also capable of checking the peripheral relief angles as well as the radial rake angles. Although this invention has been described in its preferred form with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure of the preferred form has been made only by way of example and that numerous changes in the details of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed,.

What is claimed is: 1. Apparatus for checking the geometry of a tool including in combination a guideway, support means [for supporting a tool at an end portion of said guideway, an angle slide supported by said guideway, said angle slide being slidable toward and away from the tool adapted to be held by said support means, a checking block having a surface adjacent said angle slide, said checking block having an edge, 'a first plurality of angular marks on a first side of said angle slide to indicate the angular position of said edge when said checking block is swung in one direction, a second plurality of angular marks on a second side of said angle slide to indicate the angular position of said edge when said checking block is swung in another direction, a rake finger carried by said checking block, and said rake-finger including a surface which is at right angles to said edge of said checking block and which is engageable with a cutting face of the tool.

A device for checking the radial rake angle of a cutting tool including in combination means for securing the tool with its axis in a vertical position, a support member, a checkingblock carried by said support memher and having a radial rake finger with a surface thereon for engagement with the cutting face of the tool, a rear surface on said checking block which is at right angle-s to said radial rake finger surface, angular indicia means on said support member adjacent said rear surface, said angular indicia means comprising a plurality of spaced lines with each adjacent one of said spaced lines extending at a slightly different angle with respect to a reference line extending from the tool securing means through said spaced lines, said checking block being movable relative to said support member to move said radial rake finger surface into engagement with the cutting face of the tool and align said rear surface in parallel relationship with an appropriate one of said spaced lines.

A device for checking the radial rake angle of a cutting tool including in combination means for securing the tool, a support member, a checking member carried by said support member and having a first surface thereon for engagement with the cutting face of the tool, a second surface on said checking member which is at right angles to said first surface, angular indicia means on said support member adjacent said second surface, said angular indicia means comprising a plurality of spaced lines with each adjacent one of said spaced lines extending at a slightly different angle with respect to a reference line extending from the tool securing means through said spaced lines, said checking member being movable relative to said support member to move said first surface into engagement with the cutting face of the tool and align said second surface in parallel relationship with an appropriate one of said spaced lines.

A device for checking the radial rake angle of a cutting tool including in combination means for holding the tool, a support member, a checking member carried by said support member and having a first surface thereon for engagement with the cutting face of the tool, a second surface on said checking member, angular indicia means on said support member adjacent said second surf-ace, said angular indicia means comprising a plurality of spaced lines with each adjacent one of said spaced lines extending at a slightly different angle with respect to a reference line extending from the tool securing means through said spaced lines, said checking member being movable relative to said support member to move said first surface into engagement with the cut-ting face of the tool and align said second surface in parallel relationship with an appropiate one of said space lines.

A device for checking the radial rake angle of a cutting tool including in combination means for securing the tool with its axis in a vertical position, a checking block having a radial rake finger with a surface thereon for engagement with the cutting face of the tool, a support member, said checking block being carried by said support member in a plane generally normal to the axis of said tool for movement in all directions in said plane, a rear surface on said checking block which is at right angle to said radial rake finger surface, angular indicia means on said support member adjacent said rear surface, said checking block when moved moving said radial rake finger surface into engagement with the cutting face of the tool and aligning said rear surface with said angular indicia means.

A device for checking the radial rake angle of a cutting tool including in combination means for securing the tool, a checking member having a first surface thereon for engagement with the cutting face of the tool, a support member, said checking member being slidably mounted on said support member in a plane generally transverse to the axis of said tool for movement in all directions in said plane, a second surface on said checking member which is at right angles to said firs-t surface, angular indicia means carried by said support member adjacent said second surface, said checking block when moved moving said first surface into engagement with the cutting face of the tool and aligning said second surface with said angular indicia means.

A device for checking the radial rake angle of a cutting tool including in combination means for holding the tool, a checking member having a first surface thereon for engagement with the cutting face of the tool, a support member, said checking member being slidably mounted on said support member for movement in all directions in a plane, a second surface on said checking member, angular indicia means on said support member adjacent said second surface, said checking member when slidably moved moving said first surface into engagement with the cutting face of the tool and aligning said second surface with said angular indicia means.

Apparatus for checking the geometry of a tool having a helical cutting edge including in combination a base, wall means defining a guideway supported by said base, support means mounted by said base for supporting a tool at an end portion of said guideway, optical magnification means mounted in said guideway for sliding movement therein toward and away from said support means, said optical magnification means having first and second portions at right angles to each other, said support means causing the axis of said second portion of said optical magnification means to intersect the axis of the tool and also to intersect the portion of the cutting edge of the tool to be checked, said two axes referred to being substantially at right angles to each other, a reticle in said optical magnification means dividing at least a portion of the field of view into angular divisions, said reticle providing a visual check of the helix angle of said portion of the cutting edge.

Apparatus for checking the geometry of a tool including in combination support means for supporting a tool, an angle slide mounted for sliding movement toward and away from a tool adapted to be held by said support means, a checking block having a bottom surface adjacent said angle slide, said checking block having front and rear edges, a plurality of angular marks on said angle slide to indicate the angular position of one of said edges of said checking block, said checking block being located in a plane which is generally normal to the axis of a tool adapted to be held by said support means and said checking block being adapted for movement in all directions in said plane.

Apparatus for checking the geometry of a tool including in combination support means for supporting a tool, an angle slide mounted for sliding movement toward and away from a tool adapted to be held by said support means, a checking block having a bottom surface adjacent said angle slide, said checking block having front and rear edges, a plurality of angular marks on said angle slide, one of said edges of said checking block adapted to engage a surface on a tool with the other of said edges aligning with the angular marks to indicate the angle of a surface on a tool, said checking block being located in a plane which is generally normal to the axis of a tool adapted to be held by said support means and said checking block being adapted for movement in all directions in said plane.

USA en. Tool inspection apparatus having movable microscope for viewing different portions of a tool. USB2 en.